Scoliosis: An Introduction
A normal spine appears straight, without much change from laterally, when the body is viewed from behind. But, if the spine is observed to have a lateral, or side-to-side, curvature, the individual might have a condition called scoliosis.The affliction shouldn’t be confused with unsatisfactory posture, although it oftentimes gives the appearance that the individual is leaning to one side. Scoliosis is a complicated deformity that is defined by both lateral curvature and rotation of the vertebra oftentimes causing a characteristic “rib hump” in the mid or thoracic spine. This is created by the vertebrae in the zone of the major curve rotating toward the concavity and pushing their fastened ribs posterior hence producing the distinctive rib hump seen in thoracic scoliosis. If the thoracic curve and rib rotation are severe, greater than 70 degrees, pulmonary and cardiac function can be interfered with. Often later in life in untreated severe idiopathic infantile and juvenile scoliosis patients, this intensity of curve and subsequent cardiac and pulmonary changes can be life threatening.
Anatomy
If one were to look at the trunk from a side view, the spine would reveal four normal curves: the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. In the lower spine there is a normal “C-shaped” curve called swayback or lordosis, while the thoracic curve in the chest vicinity has a “reverse C” called a kyphosis. Hyperlordosis is the term used to describe heightened swayback, while increased kyphosis in the thoracic spine is called hyperkyphosis. Scoliosis changes generally accompany alterations from normal on a side view. Some round back deformities are simply due to bad posture and can often be eliminated with postural exercises. A small percentage of individuals with kyphosis have more rigid deformities than the postural type, which are seen in conjunction with vertebral deformity. This type of deformity, called Scheuermann’s kyphosis, is much harder to treat than postural kyphosis, and it’s cause is unknown.
Even a nonprofessional can help to identify a child or fully-grown individual with scoliosis just by viewing the person in a standing position, preferably bare-chested and in shorts, and observing the following:
- One shoulder may be more elevated than the other.
- One scapula (shoulder blade) may be higher or more conspicuous than the other.
- With the arms hanging freely at the sides, there may be more area between the arm and the body on one side.
- One hip may seem to be higher or more conspicuous than the other.
- The head is not aligned with the pelvis.
- One side of the back appears more raised than the other when the individual is observed from the rear and asked to flex forward until the the spine is horizontal.
The child or adult should be sent to a healthcare professional, such as a chiropractor, for further evaluation once scoliosis is identified. your chiropractor would be happy to help.
There are various origins and many kinds of scoliosis, however the most prevalent, by far, is Idiopathic Scoliosis, which accounts for approximately 85 % of all cases. “Idiopathic” means “no known cause” and is seen with equal occurrence in boys and girls in the mild or low curve magnitudes. This affliction can be sub-classified into infantile, juvenile and adolescent categories, based upon the age of onset. Idiopathic Scoliosis may be linked to genetic or hereditary influences as it frequently runs in families. However girls, for unknown reasons are five to eight times more likely than boys to have their curves develop in size and require treatment. As the term “Idiopathic Scoliosis” suggests, this class of scoliosis commonly happens when children are finishing their last major growth spurt. Unfortunately, at this age young people are hesitant to allow their body to be seen by parents and other adults, so it is wise to have this age group viewed on a regular basis.
If a scoliotic curve is found in the growing adolescent, it is vital that the curves be monitored for advancement by periodic examination and sometimes standing X-rays. In ninety percent of instances, the scoliosis is mild and does not require active treatment, though| increases in spinal deformity necessitate evaluation to determine if a brace or other treatment is required. In a small number of people, surgical treatment may be required.~Surgery may be necessary for a small number of individuals.
Brace support (orthosis) is recommended for newly-identified conditions of moderate scoliosis or abnormal kyphosis, as well as when an increase in scoliosis or kyphosis is identified in both juvenile and adolescent children. There are many kinds of braces, all created to prevent curves from increasing through the process of acting as a buttress for the spine during active skeletal growth. Braces normally will not make the spine completely straight, and cannot always keep a curve from increasing. However, bracing is effective in preventing curve progression in an impressive number of skeletally-immature adolescents.
Scoliosis has no simple resolution. The majority of cases, even though frequently monitored, are not actively treated. The usual medical treatment for moderate cases is a brace, whereas severe cases in some cases are treated surgically. You may want to see your local chiropractor first.
Along with bracing, many other modalities have been used successfully like specialized exercise, electric stimulation of spinal muscles, nutritional programs, and chiropractic treatments. It appears that the most effective results have been sustained with a multi-faceted approach to the care of this condition.
There are chiropractors, that have expertise treating scoliosis cases.
